- Acquaviva, K. D., & Krinsky, L.. (2015). Bridging politics, policy, and practice: Transforming health care in Massachusetts through the creation of a statewide commission on LGBT aging. Geriatric Nursing, 36(6), 482–483. doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2015.10.006.
- Beagan, B. L., Fredericks, E., & Goldberg, L.. (2012). Nurses’ Work With LGBTQ Patients: “They’re Just Like Everybody Else, So What’s the Difference?”. The Canadian journal of nursing research, 44(3), 44–63.
[Résumé] [URL]Se fondant sur les méthodes d{’}études critiques féministes et queer, cet article explore les perceptions qu{’}ont les infirmières et les infirmiers de leur pratique avec des patientes lesbiennes, gaies, bisexuelles, transgenres ou queer (LGBTQ). L{’}étude a comporté la réalisation d{’}entrevues en profondeur semi-structurées avec 12 membres de la profession infirmière à Halifax, en Nouvelle-Écosse. Ces entrevues ont permis de faire la lumière sur diverses approches en matière de pratique infirmière. Les participants ont le plus souvent soutenu que les différences comme l{’}orientation sexuelle et l{’}identité de genre ne font pas de différence : tout le monde devrait être traité comme une personne distincte. Les participants semblaient tenir beaucoup à éviter la discrimination ou la stéréo- typisation en tentant d{’}éviter les suppositions. Ils étaient soucieux de ne pas offenser les patientes par leur langage ou leurs gestes. Lorsqu{’}il était tenu compte des différences sociales, l{’}accent se limitait souvent à la santé sexuelle, bien que certains participants aient montré une compréhension nuancée de l{’}oppression et de la marginalisation. Faire la distinction entre les généralisations et les stéréotypes peut aider le personnel infirmier dans ses efforts pour recon- na{\^\i}tre les différences sociales sans faire de tort aux patientes LGBTQ.
- Caceres, B. A.. (2019). Care of LGBTQ older adults: What geriatric nurses must know. Geriatric Nursing, 40, 342–343. doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2019.05.006.
[Résumé]Geriatric nurses have a responsibility to promote the health of all older adults. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans- gender, and queer (LGBTQ) older adults are particularly vulnerable to poor health outcomes and are less likely to seek healthcare due to fear of discrimination. Despite elevated risk LGBTQ older adults are often ignored within geriatric nursing as there is little evidence to inform care. To adequately care for LGBTQ patients geriatric nurses should recognize the effects of bias, appreciate the importance of terminology, understand diversity within the LGBTQ community, advocate for the inclusion of sexual orientation and gen- der identity in admission assessments, share best practices, and advocate for increased visibility. Caring for this population may be challenging, as it will require geriatric nurses to expand their knowledge of LGBTQ health, explore their own biases, and challenge institutional norms. However, through coordinated efforts geriatric nurses can work toward improving care for LGBTQ older adults.
- Caceres, B. A., & Frank, M. O.. (2016). Successful ageing in lesbian, gay and bisexual older people: a concept analysis. International Journal of Older People Nursing, 11(3), 184–193. doi:10.1111/opn.12108.
[Résumé]Conclusion. Successful ageing in lesbian, gay and bisexual older people is defined as a subjective and multifactorial concept that is characterised by support from families of origin/families of choice, access to lesbian, gay, and bisexual-friendly services and the development of crisis competence skills which impact the ageing experience of LGB individuals. Implications for practice. Successful ageing models can provide a roadmap for developing culturally competent interventions to address key healthcare issues present in this population. The nursing profession{’}s multidisciplinary knowledge and competence in providing health promotion makes nurses well positioned to take a leading role in reducing disparities of lesbian, gay and bisexual older people.
- Cloyes, K. G.. (2016). Seeing Silver in the Spectrum. Research in Gerontological Nursing, 9(2), 54–57.
- Cohen, H. L., Cox Curry, L., Jenkins, D., Walker, C. A., & Hogstel, M. O.. (2008). Older Lesbians and Gay Men: Long-Term Care Issues. Annals of Long-Term Care.
[Résumé] [URL]Many health and social service providers lack awareness of and knowledge about the long-term care (LTC) needs of the lesbian and gay population, about how to provide culturally-sensitive and affirming services and programs, and about ways to increase accessibility and acceptability of LTC options for les- bian and gay older adults. This arti- cle reviews the history of oppression experienced by lesbians and gay men, what is known about them, and issues for consideration by staff in LTC facilities. A life course perspective provides the conceptu- al framework for understanding the challenges and opportunities faced by older lesbians and gay men in LTC. Recommendations are provided to combat heterosexist assumptions and enhance culturally competent care.
- Coleman, C. L.. (2018). Physical and Psychological Abuse among Seropositive African American MSM 50 Aged Years and Older. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 39(1), 46–52. doi:10.1080/01612840.2017.1397828.
[Résumé]Little is known about abuse experienced among African American men who have sex with men (MSM) who are 50 years and older. A series of focus groups were conducted to examine perspectives of seropositive African American MSM age 50 years and older who reported experiencing some form of psychological or physical abuse. Thirty African American MSM were divided into four focus groups and four themes emerged: {\textquotedblleft}Fear Being Gay,{\textquotedblright} {\textquotedblleft}No One Else to Love Me,{\textquotedblright} {\textquotedblleft}Nowhere to Turn,{\textquotedblright} and {\textquotedblleft}Sexual Risk {&} Control.{\textquotedblright} The data suggest there is a need to develop culturally tailored interventions for this population.
- Dickey, G.. (2012). Survey of Homophobia: Views on Sexual Orientation From Certified Nurse Assistants Who Work in Long-Term Care. Research on Aging, 35(5), 563–570. doi:10.1177/0164027512447823.
[Résumé]It is estimated that there will be more than 5 million gays and lesbians aged 65 and over by 2030. This study examined attitudes of sexual orientation among a sample of certified nurse assistants who work in long-term care. A sample of 119 certified nurse assistants were recruited at a national con- ference and asked to complete a survey that included the Homophobic scale. Results indicate low levels of homophobia among the certified nurse assistants who participated.Age and acquaintances accounted for most of the variance in the homophobia scores of the certified nurse assistants. While scores show low levels of homophobia, caution is advised as scores may reflect a stereotype that elderly people are not sexually active and that their sexuality is no longer relevant.
- Grigorovich, A.. (2013). Long-Term Care for Older Lesbian and Bisexual Women: An Analysis of Current Research and Policy. Social Work in Public Health, 28(6), 596–606. doi:10.1080/19371918.2011.593468.
[Résumé]The Canadian health care system{’}s delivery and policies are often based on a heterosexual nuclear family model. Long-term care (LTC) policy in particular is built on specific assumptions about women and caregiving. Current health care and LTC policies can thus disadvantage and marginalize women who do not fit such constructions, such as older lesbian and bisexual women. Drawing from literature on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender women{’}s health, aging, and caregiving, this article uses a feminist political economy analysis to demonstrate that a gap exists in current research and policy with respect to the LTC needs of older lesbian and bisexual women.
- Hardacker, C. T., Rubinstein, B., Hotton, A., & Houlberg, M.. (2013). Adding silver to the rainbow: the development of the nurses’ health education about LGBT elders (HEALE) cultural competency curriculum. Journal of Nursing Management, 22(2), 257–266. doi:10.1111/jonm.12125.
- Hayman, B., & Wilkes, L.. (2016). Older lesbian women’s health and healthcare: A narrative review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 25(23-24), 3454–3468. doi:10.1111/jocn.13237.
[Résumé]Conclusions. Remarkably, very little contemporary literature exists that addresses the health and well-being of older lesbian women, and this cohort remain posi- tioned on the peripheries of research and society. Older lesbian women continue to be marginalised because of their lesbian identity and actively cultivate support systems, negotiate disclosure and develop resilience to minimise the effects of their marginal position. Relevance to practice. Recognition that older lesbian women often create, and draw on, a family of choice for support is imperative. In addition, the clinical environment should be safe for older lesbian women to disclose their sexual orientation and other sensitive information.
- Hutchins, T.. (2013). Hidden in the home: supporting same-sex partnerships. Nursing and Residential Care, 15(11), 738–740.
[Résumé]By allowing lesbian, gay and bisexual older people and their partners to remain hidden in health and social care, nurses risk ignoring their specific needs, which encompass a variety of biological and psychosocial issues, as Thomas Hutchins explains
- Jablonski, R. A., Vance, D. E., & Beattie, E.. (2013). The Invisible Elderly: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Older Adults. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 39(11), 46–52. doi:10.3928/00989134-20130916-02. [URL]
- Kushner, B., Neville, S., & Adams, J.. (2013). Perceptions of ageing as an older gay man: a qualitative study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 22(23-24), 3388–3395. doi:10.1111/jocn.12362.
[Résumé]Conclusions. Resilience was a significant factor in how well older gay men aged even in an environment where homophobia and heterosexism were common. Having a strong social support network was an important factor that contributed to supporting the ageing process. These gay men were wary about having to go into residential care, preferring to age in their own homes. Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses and other healthcare professionals need to ensure healthcare services meet the needs of older gay men. Any interaction with older gay men should occur in a way that is open and respectful. The usage of best practice guidelines will assist organisations to deliver culturally safe and appropriate care to this group.
- Lim, F. A., & Bernstein, I.. (2012). Promoting Awareness of LGBT Issues in Aging in a Baccalaureate Nursing Program. Nursing Education Perspectives, 33(3), 170–175.
[Résumé]it is estimated that up to 10 percent of the american population is lesbian, gay, bisexual, ort ransgender (lgBt) and that up to 7 million members of this population are elderly. Both the institute of Medicine and healthy People 2020 have addressed the health disparities that affect elderly members of the lgBt community. nurses are well positioned to bridge health disparities and provide culturally sensitive care across the lifespan, but compared with that of other disciplines, the nursing literature is lacking in content addressing lgBt health. eliminating health disparities in the care of lgBt elders should be a priority in nursing education.the authors review the issues lgBt elders face and rec- ommend how content related to lgBt aging can be integrated into nursing curricula.
- MacGabhann, P.. (2015). Caring for gay men and lesbians in nursing homes in Ireland. British Journal of Nursing, 24(22), 1142–1148.
[Résumé]This article examines the literature relating to the attitudes of nurses currently practicing in nursing homes towards caring for gay men and lesbians in Ireland. Nurses{’} knowledge of and attitudes towards the sexuality of those in their care can potentially have an impact on the quality of care they deliver and the patient experience.There is a consensus in the literature regarding the expression of sexuality as a lifelong need and integral element of quality of life. Research to date focusing on the needs of older gay or lesbian individuals has been virtually non-existent, despite increases in life expectancy and increasing numbers of older people, and therefore older gay and lesbian people requiring nursing home care.
- McCann, E., & Brown, M. J.. (2019). The mental health needs and concerns of older people who identify as LGBTQ+: A narrative review of the international evidence. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 75(12), 3390–3403. doi:10.1111/jan.14193.
[Résumé]Conclusion: This review highlights key mental health-related issues that need to be taken into account in the creation and provision of appropriate, responsive and inclu- sive supports and services. Impact: What were the main findings? Some older people who identify as LGBTQ + have experienced stigma, discrimination, and minority stress. However, many have developed coping strategies and resilience while others have developed mental health issues. It is necessary to have in place appropriate interventions and supports to effectively meet the needs of this population. Where and on whom will the research have impact? The review has significant im- plications for health and nursing policy and inform developments in nursing practice and nurse education.
- Peate, I.. (2013). The health-care needs of the older gay man living with HIV. British Journal of Community Nursing, 18(10), 492–495.
[Résumé]Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was once thought of as a condition predominately affecting the young. However, HIV among the older population is increasing. Older gay male adults living with HIV have received little attention from those who provide and commission services. However, with effective treatment, those gay men aged over 50 are the fastest growing group of people with HIV in the UK. Nurses will be required to offer care in a number of ways to this cohort of patients. In so doing, nurses will need to develop innovative and effective ways of supporting this growing group of people. This article provides an overview of the issues that can impact on the health and wellbeing of the older gay man living with HIV. The article discusses the epidemiology, the issue of HIV stigma, comorbidities and mental health and wellbeing needs.
- Peate, I.. (2013). Caring for older lesbian, gay and bisexual people. British Journal of Community Nursing, 18(8), 372–374.
[Résumé]Ageing brings about a number of challenges for heterosexual, lesbian, gay and bisexual people. It can be a time of anxiety and concern. The expectations that many lesbian, gay and bisexual people have of how they would like to be cared for if they were to enter sheltered housing or other forms of residential care can be very different from the expectations of heterosexual people. This article considers issues that older lesbian, gay and bisexual people may encounter with regard to their health-care needs.
- Peel, E., Taylor, H., & Harding, R.. (2016). Sociolegal and practice implications of caring for LGBT people with dementia. Nursing Older People, 28(10), 26–30. doi:10.7748/nop.2016.e852.
[Résumé]The needs of LGBT people living with dementia are poorly recognised due, in part, to assumptions that all older people are heterosexual, together with persistent ageist stereotypes that older people are asexual. LGBT older adults are more likely to reside in care homes as a quarter of gay and bisexual men and half of lesbian and bisexual women have children, compared to 90% of heterosexual women and men. Older LGBT people may be unwilling to express their identity within care settings and this can have an impact on their ongoing care. Recognition of the members of an older person{’}s informal care network is crucial for their ongoing involvement in the life of a person resident in a care setting. However, healthcare professionals may not always appreciate that LGBT people may rely more on their family of choice, or their wider social network, than their family of origin. This article explores socio-legal issues that may be encountered when caring for older LGBT people living with dementia, including enabling autonomy, capacity and applying the legal frameworks in ways which support the identities and relationships of these older people in care.
- Sharek, D. B., McCann, E., Sheerin, F., Glacken, M., & Higgins, A.. (2014). Older LGBT people’s experiences and concerns with healthcare professionals and services in Ireland. International Journal of Older People Nursing, 10(3), 230–240. doi:10.1111/opn.12078.
[Résumé]Conclusions: Irish healthcare services need to reflect on how they currently engage with older LGBT persons at both an organisational and practitioner level. Consideration needs to be given to the specific concerns of ageing LGBT persons, particularly in relation to long- term residential care. Implications for practice: Healthcare practitioners need to be knowledgeable of, and sensitive to, LGBT issues.
- Taha, S., Blanchet Garneau, A., & Bernard, L.. (2020). Une revue de la portée sur la pratique infirmière auprès des personnes âgées issues de la diversité sexuelle et de genre. Recherche en soins infirmiers, 140(1), 29–56. doi:10.3917/rsi.140.0029.
[Résumé] [URL]Résultats : les recommandations ont été regroupées en cinq axes : se sensibiliser à l{’}existence des PADSG, à leur contexte historique et à leurs problèmes de santé ; s{’}abstenir de préconceptions hétérocissexistes et hétérocisnormatives en adoptant un langage inclusif et une attitude ouverte ; soutenir les PADSG et leurs proches aidants ou leur famille de choix ; créer un environnement sécuritaire et confidentiel ; et promouvoir l{’}inclusion des PADSG dans le système de soins de santé. Conclusion : les infirmières et autres professionnels de la santé pourraient utiliser les résultats obtenus pour optimiser la qualité des soins dispensés aux personnes âgées issues des minorités sexuelles et de genre.
- Taylor, M.. (2016). Holistic Care of Older Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Patients in the Emergency Department. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 42(2), 170–173. doi:10.1016/j.jen.2016.02.007.
- Villar, F., Serrat, R., Fabà, J., & Celdrán, M.. (2015). Staff Reactions Toward Lesbian, Gay, or Bisexual (LGB) People Living in Residential Aged Care Facilities (RACFs) Who Actively Disclose Their Sexual Orientation. Journal of Homosexuality, 62(8), 1126–1143. doi:10.1080/00918369.2015.1021637.
[Résumé]Fifty-three staff members currently working in residential aged care facilities located in Barcelona, Spain, were asked about the way they would react if a resident told them that he or she felt sexually attracted and had maintained sexual relationships with another resident of the same gender. Acceptance of non-heterosexual sex- ual orientation was a frequent answer, and around one in four professionals stated that they would try helping the resident in question, by offering a private space or giving some emotional sup- port. However, some reactions were not consistent with a respectful approach toward sexual diversity, as, for instance, informing the resident{’}s family or advising the resident to keep his or her sexual orientation hidden. We highlight the importance of developing for- mal policies and offering formal training to staff in order to address the specific needs of older LGB people living in RACFs.
- Walker, C. A., Cohen, H. L., & Jenkins, D.. (2016). An Older Transgender Woman’s Quest for Identity. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing, 54(2), 31–38.
[Résumé] [URL]Despite sensationalized media attention, transgender individuals are the most marginalized and misunderstood group in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community. The current article presents a case study of one woman{’}s quest for identity. Narrative inquiry was used to ana- lyze data from interview transcripts and four themes emerged during analysis: (a) naming the ambiguity, (b) revealing{–} concealing the authentic self, (c) discovering the transgender community, and (d) embracing the {\textquotedblleft}T{\textquotedblright} identity. Lifespan and empowerment theories were used to harvest meanings from these themes. Implications for nursing practice and research were examined based on study findings. Participatory ac- tion research offers an approach for future studies in which researchers advocate for transgender individuals and remove obstacles to their health care access
- Willis, P., Maegusuku-Hewett, T., Raithby, M., & Miles, P.. (2014). Swimming upstream: the provision of inclusive care to older lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) adults in residential and nursing environments in Wales. Ageing and Society, 36(2), 282–306. doi:10.1017/S0144686X14001147.
[Résumé]This paper examines the ways in which older people{’}s residential and nursing homes can constitute heteronormative environments {–} social spaces in which the same-sex attractions and desires of residents are disregarded in the provision of everyday care. The aim of this discussion is to examine the synergies and differences between older lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) adults{’} expectations for future care home provision and the expectations of care staff and managers in providing residential services to older people with diverse sexual backgrounds. We present qualitative evidence from research into the provision of care environments in Wales. In this paper, we present findings from two cohorts: first, from five focus groups with care and nursing staff and managers; and second, from 29 semi-structured interviews with older LGB adults (50{–}76 years) residing in urban and rural locations across Wales. We argue that residential care environments can constitute heterosexualised spaces in which LGB identities are neglected in comparison to the needs and preferences of other residents. To this extent, we discuss how care staff and managers can be more attentive and responsive to the sexual biographies of all residents and argue against the separation of care and sexual orientation in practice.